Related Papers
Applied Water Science
Temporal–spatial analysis of drought and wet periods: case study of a wet region in Northwestern Iran (East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardebil and Zanjan provinces)
robab razmi
Northwest of Iran has plant, animal and environmental varieties because of its geographical location. Therefore, alternate weather may have irreparable outcomes in numerous environmental sectors. In the prevailing research, it was turned into consideration to investigate the droughts that with inside the northwestern vicinity of Iran all through a 30-yr statistical period (1987–2016) that occurred, the usage of the records of fifty-five synoptic, climatology and rain gauge stations was evaluated with inside the positioned area. Using the SPI in a 12-month period, 360 maps had been produced for drought severity and month-to-month droughts. Then, the maps had been transformed into records, and the calculations associated with its descriptive information consisting of the common center, well-known circle and ellipse had been calculated on 4236 cells. The consequences of the month-to-month evaluation of droughts and moist duration intensities all through 360 months confirmed that the ch...
Wastewater and Magnetized Wastewater Effects on Soil Erosion in Furrow Irrigation
Prof. Saeid Eslamian, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari
In this paper we investigated the effects of fresh water (F as a control), wastewater (W) and magnetized wastewater (M) on furrow erosion. Experimental design was randomized complete blocks consisting of four replication blocks and three water quality treatments. Five irrigation events with 4 days' irrigation interval were practiced in each furrow. The erosion was monitored and measured in the second, fourth and fifth irrigation events for each furrow. Water quality parameters measured during the irrigation ventsd included cations, anions, EC, pH, total-coliform, TSS, DO and COD. The applied intensity of the magnetic field was 10 mili-Tesla. Furrows spacing, length and slope were 0.6 m, 42 m and 0.11 %, respectively. Inflow rate was 0.8 l/s for all the irrigation evens. To determine the net erosion in furrows, water samples were taken from runoff after its start at different time intervals. The net erosion was calculated at each time after determining soil mass in the samples and the net erosion vs. time chart was plotted. The mean erosion was calculated from this chart. The erosion indexes investigated in this study include mean erosion and maximum depth of the furrow cross-section. The results showed that, in all of the water treatments, the net erosion decreases with time in each irrigation., There is also a significant decrease in the mean erosion values in W and M treatments, compared with F treatment, in the second and fourth irrigation events at the 1% (p < 0.01) and 5% (p < 0.05) level, respectively, but there no significant difference between W and M treatments. The effect of irrigation event on the mean erosion was not significant in any treatment. The effect of water treatment on the basic infiltration rate and the maximum depth of furrow cross-section were not significant, but the basic infiltration rate was in most cases higher in M treatment than in F and W treatments in most cases. Also the changes in the maximum depth of furrow cross-section due to subsequent irrigation events were smaller in M and W treatments than in F treatment.
Flow Hydraulic Investigation of the Wastewater on the Soil and Magnetic Field Effects in This Field
Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari, maryam marani barzani
The effects of irrigation with treated wastewater on soil chemical and physical properties have been studied in many researches, but a few studies have done about waste water flow on the soil surface. In this study flow hydraulic of wastewater on soil surface was investigated and magnetic field effects on it was also studied. This research was done in the field with furrows (length of 42m, width of 60cm, depth of 25cm and slope of 0.1%) in Isfahan University of Technology and were used three water quality treatments consists of fresh water (FW), wastewater (WW) and magnetized wastewater (MW). Magnetic field was created by three magnets with constant magnetic field intensity of 10mili-Tesla for each one. Basic differences between three water treatments were in biological parameters (Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Total-coli form) and total suspended solids (TSS). The Collected data were included of advance and recession time, inflow and outflow rates with four replications and five irrigation events for each treatment (overall 60 practices), in a randomized complete block design. The inflow rate for furrows was determined 0.8 lit/sec. The results showed magnetic field have not a considerable effect on the physical and chemical characteristics of the wastewater, though it changes oxygen demand and especially total coli forms. Also no significant difference was observed between the effects of water quality treatments on water infiltration characteristics, consist of basic infiltration rate (f o)and mean infiltration rate in two 30 minutes' time intervals (0-30 and 30-60 minutes),but in mean infiltration rate in 0-30 interval, mean relative changes for the WW and MW were about twice of the FW. Mean infiltration rate of the FW has also less reduction than WW and MW in these intervals. However, scrutinizing of parameters variations in charts showed that WW and MW treatments relation to FW ones created more changes in downtrend of " f o " during irrigation season and magnetic field effect was inconsiderable. The " f o " in WW and MW was more than FW mostly. It was found that magnetic field causes increasing of the " f o " in MW related to WW. Similar results also were found in two time intervals of infiltration process. Also excluding depletion time phase, evaluated time parameters, including advance time to furrow end, time to reach the " f o " and recession duration had not difference significantly influenced by water quality treatments, but values of advance time and time to reach the " f o " for WW and MW than FW were higher mostly. According to regressions equation between water quality parameters and flow hydraulic parameters, were found a negative correlation between " f o " , mean infiltration rate for 0-30min and 30-60min ranges and advance time with TSS and irrigation number; and a positive correlation between these parameters with COD ; also a negative correlation between time to reach the " f o " and depletion time with COD ; and a positive correlation between these parameters with TSS and irrigation number. In parameter of recession duration, positive correlations are with irrigation number and COD ; and negative correlation is with TSS .
Research Square (Research Square)
Pollution Assessment of Selected Heavy Metals in Irrigation Water in Rajshahi City of Bangladesh
2023 •
Sayed M.A. Salam
InternationalJournal of Mining Science (IJMS) The Contribution of Artificial Charging in Optimal Exploitation of Water Resources, Isfahan, Iran
Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari
In many regions in Iran, groundwater is withdrawn in an exceeded manner. In more than 200 plainsfrom 620 plainsin this country, the level of groundwater is declining. Since 1972, artificial feeding projects have become a major concern with the objective of maintaining the balance of groundwater. As to the structure and construct, it can be claimed that the most common methods of artificial feeding structures the basin and earthworks applied. The water price per m³varies in various areas, whilein the West of Iran, where due to high precipitation water abundance is prevailing, thus, lower price compared to arid and semi-arid areas. According to this study, the average price of extracted water per m³ is about 500 Rls. The findings of this study indicate that, in many aquifers (about 200 aquifers) the groundwater withdrawal should be reduced. The artificial feeding projects should be implemented in areas that have been subject to study and are economically efficient. It is recommended to consider the issues related with hydrogeology and hydrology in these studies and to discharge the sediments periodically in order to enhance the efficiency of the projects. Since the aquifers are very deep in Iran,by considering the volume of pores, the feeding should be in a volume that it may increase the groundwater level.
International Journal of Constructive Research in Civil Engineering
Guidelines to Optimal Design of Furrow Irrigation Based on Plants, Soil and Furrow Specifications
2017 •
Nicolas Dalezios
Guidelines to Optimal Design of Furrow Irrigation Based on Plants, Soil and Furrow Specifications Guidelines to Optimal Design of Furrow Irrigation Based on Plants, Soil and Furrow Specifications
Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari
In order to optimize the usage of water in agriculture, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of irrigation systems, especially those of surface irrigation. One of the steps to be made to achieve this goal is the optimal design of surface irrigation. It this article the design variables of furrow irrigation, that includes length of furrow, inflow rate and irrigation time (time of cutoff), were calculated to minimize the irrigation costs, the objective function, and to obtain a maximum application efficiency. The objective function encompasses water, labor, head ditch and furrow digging (ditch constructions) costs. Labor cost is irrigation time's function and the latter is dependent on water advance period in the furrows. Therefore, it is necessary for the objective function to apply explicit and accurate equation in order to calculate time of advance. Because in none of the accurate methods for furrow irrigation design, such as zero-inertia modeling, the advance time is explicitly calculated, therefore in this research the equation obtained by Valiantzas, which he extracted from the results of zero-inertia modeling, was used. In the objective function in addition to the design variables the specifications of soil, furrow and net irrigation requirement also exist. Therefore, it is possible to calculate design variables and afterwards the irrigation efficiency for different soil types and plant types. In this article this task was performed with different soil types and in accordance with different requirements for irrigation and the results are presented in the tables.
Applied Water Science
Investigation of fire risk zones using heat–humidity time series data and vegetation
akram karimi
Forest fires destroy these areas and have devastating and harmful socio-economic and environmental effects. One of the methods of preventing and managing the hazards created in the field of forest fires is to determine the range of fire risk. The purpose of this study is to determine the high-risk areas of fire in the forests of Golestan province using remote sensing data and field information. For this purpose, the data of MODIS satellite during the years 2005 to 2020 for the middle of November to mid-February, which is the peak of the fire occurrence, were prepared. (NDVI) vegetation index, (NDMI) plant moisture stress index and (LST) land surface temperature were extracted as a 15-year average in these months. Then, using precipitation data from meteorological stations, precipitation index (SPI) was calculated as an average to estimate the amount of drought for the mentioned years. By combining the mentioned indices, the areas with fire risk were extracted. Then, previous fire re...
Optimizing Absorbent Bentonite and Evaluation of Contaminants Removal from Petrochemical Industries Wastewater
Prof. Saeid Eslamian, Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari
The aim of this research was to show the better use of internal resources and increased capability of utilizing and optimizing minerals. Also, in this research we tried to present a new way of petrochemical wastewater treatment. In this sample of bentonite, after the production process in microwave through digestion method with Nano Precision, a long chain of detergents was processed and optimized with an organic material (dimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride). In the beginning of tests, a statistical method was drawn by MINITAB software and Taguchi method. Sampling was made in different times and testing started by a standard method. Among measuring factors, 5 factors of turbidity, TSS, TDS, pH, and COD were evaluated and their changes were investigated in different times based on the amount and type of materials. The effluent COD and BOD are very important. The petrochemical wastewater was measured and it was90ppm(COD) and 3 ppm(BOD). Also, the highestlevel of turbidity for material A (modified bentonite) was 1.2 NTU with 10mg/L of sludge. Considering that the country needed a better wastewater treatment through environment protection, modification of bentonite's structure, and nano application process in this industry along with various available methods, we aimed to take a step towards the development of the country.
Prediction Comparison of Flow Resistance.pdf
Kaveh Ostad-Ali-Askari
Abstract: Manning’s (n) is a coefficient representing quantity of friction which a channel applies against flow. In general, it explains how roughness is a channel. This experimental research tries to explore (n) by making 8 m length, 40 cm width and 40 cm height laboratory flume with adjustable slope. The flume was used to carry out a total of 72 experiments with 4 different slopes, 3 different flow rates and 2 types of sorting with angular and rounded aggregates. The results showed that the roughness coefficient of the beds covered with angular grains is on average 6.68% higher than that of the beds covered with rounded grains. Also, for a constant value, if the flow rate increases, Manning roughness coefficient will also decrease. It was also shown that parameters such as relative submergence, grain size and slope affect the roughness coefficient. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that in all of the experiments, the shear stress of the bed with the rounded particles declined 3.62% as compared to angular particles.
